Figure 5

Effect of cyperenoic acid on bone resorption by precursor osteoclast. (A) A procedure used to evaluate the effect of cyperenoic acid on RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation on dentin slices is shown. The resorption areas were stained with toluidine blue and observed by light microscope. (B) The resorption areas were measured and quantitated as a percentage of total resorbed area using Image-J software at 100-fold magnification of at least three unrelated fields. (C–E) The staining of bone resorption areas on dentin slices were shown. The data presented as the mean ± S.D. ***p < 0.001 indicated statistical significance.