Table 2 Effect of nitrogen levels on the morphology structure of inferior grains.

From: Grain and starch granule morphology in superior and inferior kernels of maize in response to nitrogen

Year	Hybrid	N Treatment	Grain density	1000-grain weight	geometrical morphology of grain (cm)			Geometric volume of grain	Volume of grain
Year	Hybrid	kg ha⁻¹	(g L⁻¹)	(g)	Length	Width	Thickness	(cm³)	(cm³)
2010	Suyu20	0	1013 ± 39a	180.3 ± 10.6a	0.72 ± 0.01a	0.76 ± 0.03a	0.51 ± 0.02a	0.28 ± 0.01a	0.18 ± 0.00a
		360	1065 ± 39c	286.4 ± 10.7c	1.01 ± 0.01d	0.82 ± 0.01b	0.52 ± 0.02ab	0.43 ± 0.01d	0.27 ± 0.01c
		450	1196 ± 27d	328.7 ± 13.3e	1.12 ± 0.03e	0.94 ± 0.02c	0.53 ± 0.01ab	0.56 ± 0.02e	0.27 ± 0.00c
		540	1089 ± 36c	302.3 ± 8.5d	1.03 ± 0.03d	0.77 ± 0.02a	0.54 ± 0.02b	0.42 ± 0.01d	0.28 ± 0.01cd
	Suyu29	0	1060 ± 37bc	212.4 ± 13.7b	0.84 ± 0.01b	0.74 ± 0.02a	0.51 ± 0.02a	0.32 ± 0.01b	0.2 ± 0.01b
		360	1121 ± 326c	328.7 ± 8.8e	1.01 ± 0.02d	0.82 ± 0.02b	0.51 ± 0.01a	0.43 ± 0.01d	0.29 ± 0.01d
		450	1190 ± 38d	403.6 ± 14.5f	1.1 ± 0.02e	0.94 ± 0.01c	0.52 ± 0.02ab	0.54 ± 0.01e	0.34 ± 0.00e
		540	1104 ± 38c	329.7 ± 14.8e	0.93 ± 0.01c	0.77 ± 0.03a	0.51 ± 0.01a	0.37 ± 0.02c	0.3 ± 0.01d
2012	Suyu30	0	1110 ± 302b	158.9 ± 3.7a	0.68 ± 0.01a	0.68 ± 0.01a	0.39 ± 0.01a	0.18 ± 0.01a	0.14 ± 0.00a
		360	1146 ± 40bc	194.4 ± 3.1c	0.93 ± 0.02d	0.71 ± 0.01ab	0.48 ± 0.01bc	0.31 ± 0.02c	0.17 ± 0.01c
		450	1207 ± 37c	249.1 ± 4.3e	1.03 ± 0.02ef	0.76 ± 0.03c	0.47 ± 0.02bc	0.37 ± 0.01d	0.21 ± 0.01e
		540	1134 ± 26bc	215.5 ± 5.7b	0.9 ± 0.01d	0.71 ± 0.01ab	0.47 ± 0.02bc	0.3 ± 0.02c	0.19 ± 0.01b
	Suyu20	0	1023 ± 31a	181.8 ± 3.2b	0.75 ± 0.02b	0.75 ± 0.03bc	0.5 ± 0.01c	0.28 ± 0.01b	0.18 ± 0.00d
		360	1072 ± 38b	324.5 ± 6.4f	1.02 ± 0.03e	0.85 ± 0.03e	0.51 ± 0.01cd	0.45 ± 0.01f	0.3 ± 0.01f
		450	1193 ± 37c	364.1 ± 6.5h	1.1 ± 0.02f	0.93 ± 0.01f	0.55 ± 0.01d	0.56 ± 0.01h	0.31 ± 0.00f
		540	1089 ± 27b	324.2 ± 7.9g	1.06 ± 0.01ef	0.79 ± 0.02cd	0.54 ± 0.01d	0.45 ± 0.01f	0.3 ± 0.01g
	Suyu29	0	1066 ± 33b	198.3 ± 5.3d	0.86 ± 0.02c	0.75 ± 0.01bc	0.5 ± 0.01c	0.32 ± 0.01c	0.19 ± 0.01e
		360	1117 ± 38b	288 ± 6.3h	1.01 ± 0.02e	0.81 ± 0.02de	0.49 ± 0.02bc	0.4 ± 0.02e	0.26 ± 0.00h
		450	1185 ± 35c	362.1 ± 7.7i	1.07 ± 0.03f	0.94 ± 0.01f	0.51 ± 0.02cd	0.52 ± 0.01g	0.31 ± 0.01i
		540	1107 ± 28b	302.7 ± 4.6h	0.92 ± 0.01d	0.78 ± 0.01cd	0.5 ± 0.02c	0.36 ± 0.01d	0.27 ± 0.01h
F-value		Year	0.11NS	3.26NS	0.21NS	0.42NS	0.65NS	0.19NS	8.44**
		Hybrid	35.69**	837.03**	126.73**	77.93**	13.67**	241.16**	1486.75**
		N treatment	145.38**	1422.6**	1019**	111.23**	2.91*	461.9*	1551.04*
		Year × Hybrid	0.1NS	229.43**	4.35*	0.28NS	0.52NS	7.24*	338.44**
		Year × N treatment	0.23NS	0.35NS	5.05**	0.53NS	0.14NS	1.33NS	1.22NS
		Cultivar × N treatment	4.66*	48.93**	58.8**	4.54**	1.46**	14.86**	78.88**
		Year × Hybrid × N treatment	0.07NS	16.67**	1.00NS	0.87NS	0.13NS	0.67NS	23.99**

Means in the same column followed by the same letter do not differ statistically at the 0.05 probability level by an ANOVA protected Duncan’s test; *^,**NS Significantly different at the 0.05 and 0. 01 probability levels and no significant difference, respectively.

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Table 2 Effect of nitrogen levels on the morphology structure of inferior grains.

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