Table 3 Effects of nitrogen levels on weighted average of surface area and volume of superior and inferior grains of maize.

From: Grain and starch granule morphology in superior and inferior kernels of maize in response to nitrogen

Year

Hybrid

N Treatment

Surface area (μm2)

Volume (μm3)

kg ha−1

Superior

Inferior

Superior

Inferior

2010

Suyu20

0

6.45 ± 0.12g

6.34 ± 0.12i

17.5 ± 0.13lm

12.68 ± 0.49n

360

7.68 ± 0.13cde

7.02 ± 0.10cde

19.36 ± 0.10i

14.43 ± 0.29j

450

8.46 ± 0.11a

6.65 ± 0.06fghi

24.74 ± 0.17c

15.85 ± 0.37cd

540

6.08 ± 0.10h

6.41 ± 0.06hi

16.56 ± 0.13n

15.38 ± 0.12f

Suyu29

0

7.78 ± 0.12cde

7.64 ± 0.09a

20.42 ± 0.39g

15.68 ± 0.14e

360

7.45 ± 0.10e

6.57 ± 0.13ghi

17.36 ± 0.11m

14.39 ± 0.08j

450

8.57 ± 0.15a

7.15 ± 0.11bcd

25.15 ± 0.09b

15.91 ± 0.09c

540

7.55 ± 0.1de

7.27 ± 0.09bc

16.54 ± 0.12n

15.26 ± 0.07g

2012

Suyu30

0

6.99 ± 0.20f

6.44 ± 0.23ghi

14.96 ± 0.28o

12.75 ± 0.35n

360

7.48 ± 0.12e

7.28 ± 0.18bc

20.12 ± 0.24h

16.71 ± 0.27b

450

7.83 ± 0.29cd

6.74 ± 0.17efg

23.74 ± 0.37d

14.46 ± 0.35j

540

7.04 ± 0.26f

7.01 ± 0.22cde

18.37 ± 0.32k

17.54 ± 0.29a

Suyu20

0

6.50 ± 0.20g

6.63 ± 0.2fghi

16.5 ± 0.29n

13.15 ± 0.25m

360

7.71 ± 0.15cde

6.90 ± 0.23def

19.42 ± 0.26i

14.25 ± 0.36k

450

8.28 ± 0.14ab

6.66 ± 0.15fgh

22.35 ± 0.29e

13.99 ± 0.16l

540

7.07 ± 0.19f

6.75 ± 0.17efg

14.84 ± 0.3o

14.8 ± 0.42i

Suyu29

0

7.96 ± 0.13bc

6.9 ± 0.28def

19.14 ± 0.23j

15.17 ± 0.32gh

360

7.75 ± 0.15cde

7.08 ± 0.26cd

22.19 ± 0.27f

15.11 ± 0.24h

450

8.35 ± 0.17a

7.18 ± 0.27bcd

26.92 ± 0.41a

15.84 ± 0.41cd

540

7.48 ± 0.14e

7.42 ± 0.22ab

17.58 ± 0.38l

15.79 ± 0.28de

F-value

R2

0.684**

0.753**

0.997**

0.979**

Year

1.24NS

1.15NS

8.14NS

12.91NS

Hybrid

13.52**

38.76**

502.52*

269.54*

N treatment

29.13**

30.61**

4721.69*

483.25*

Year × Hybrid

0.51NS

1.65NS

621.02**

47.74**

Year × N treatment

1.44NS

7.09**

27.79**

42.29**

Cultivar × N treatment

3.04*

3.84**

121.08**

122.38**

Year × Hybrid × N treatment

1.71NS

1.03NS

19.31**

21.74**

  1. Means in the same column followed by the same letter do not differ statistically at the 0.05 probability level by an ANOVA protected Duncan’s test; *,**NS Significantly different at the 0.05 and 0. 01 probability levels and no significant difference, respectively.