Table 2 Demographic characteristics based on the Taiwanese Depression Questionnaire (TDQ) score (n = 151).

From: Affective and cognitive rather than somatic symptoms of depression predict 3-year mortality in patients on chronic hemodialysis

Variables

Total (n = 151)

(1) TDQ 0–8 (n = 46, 30.5%)

(2) TDQ 9–14 (n = 25, 16.6%)

(3) TDQ 15–18 (n = 15, 9.9%)

(4) TDQ 19–54 (n = 65, 43.0%)

p value

3-year mortality

46 (30.5%)

9 (19.6%)

4 (16.0%)

7 (46.7%)

26 (40.0%)

0.021

(1) < (3)

(2) < (3)

(1) < (4)

(2) < (4)

Age

64.6 ± 13.9

60.3 ± 14.4

63.2 ± 13.5

73.9 ± 9.5

66.1 ± 13.5

0.007

(1) < (3)

Gender (women %)

77 (50.1%)

18 (39.1%)

13 (52.0%)

8 (53.3%)

38 (58.5%)

0.253

Quality of life score

79.87 ± 16.29

95.2 ± 12.3

85.7 ± 9.9

79.3 ± 9.8

66.9 ± 10.2

0.000

(1) > (2) = (3) > (4)

% QOL score ≤ 65

30 (19.9%)

1 (2.2%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (6.7%)

28 (43.1%)

0.000

Marital Status

     

0.519

   Married

118 (78.1%)

35 (76.1%)

19 (76.0%)

14 (93.3%)

50 (76.9%)

 

   Others

33 (21.9%)

11 (23.9%)

6 (24.0%)

1 (6.7%)

15 (23.1%)

 

Primary education

    

χ2 = 6.683

0.083

   ≤6 years

85 (56.3%)

19 (41.3%)

14 (56.0%)

10 (66.7%)

42 (64.6%)

 

   >6 years

66 (43.7%)

27 (58.7%)

11 (44.0%)

5 (33.3%)

23 (35.4%)

 

Employment Status

     

0.059

   Unemployed

132 (87.4%)

38 (82.6%)

19 (76.0%)

15 (100.0%)

60 (92.3%)

 

   Employed

19 (12.6%)

8 (17.4%)

6 (24.0%)

0 (0.0%)

5 (7.7%)

 

Religion

     

0.564

   nil

49 (32.5%)

14 (30.4%)

8 (32.0%)

4 (26.7%)

23 (35.4%)

 

   Buddhism

65 (43.0%)

23 (50.0%)

10 (40.0%)

6 (40.0%)

26 (40.0%)

 

   Christianity

3 (2.0%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (4.0%)

1 (6.7%)

1 (1.5%)

 

   Catholicism

12 (7.9%)

1 (2.2%)

1 (4.0%)

3 (20.0%)

79 (10.8%)

 

   Taoism

21 (13.9%)

8 (17.4%)

5 (20.0%)

1 (6.7%)

7 (10.8%)

 

   miscellaneous

1 (0.7%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (1.5%)

 

Monthly income (USD)

     

0.494

   <300

87 (57.6%)

24 (52.2%)

12 (48.0%)

10 (66.7%)

41 (63.1%)

 

   300–1000

37 (24.5%)

9 (19.6%)

7 (28.0%)

4 (26.7%)

17 (26.2%)

 

   1000–2000

17 (11.3%)

8 (17.4%)

4 (16.0%)

1 (6.7%)

4 (6.2%)

 

   >2000

10 (6.6%)

5 (10.9%)

2 (8.0%)

0 (0.0%)

3 (4.6%)

 

Living

     

0.335

   alone

5 (3.3%)

2 (4.3%)

0 (0.0%)

1 (6.7%)

2 (3.1%)

 

   with family

139 (92.1%)

44 (95.7%)

22 (88.0%)

13 (86.7%)

60 (92.3%)

 

   other

7 (4.6%)

0 (0.0%)

3 (12.0%)

1 (6.7%)

3 (4.6%)

 

Diabetes mellitus

84 (55.6%)

27 (58.7%)

14 (56.0%)

8 (53.3%)

35 (53.8%)

0.961

BUN (mg/dL)

75.2 ± 20.9

79.7 ± 19.2

78.8 ± 21.8

75.1 ± 22.6

70.8 ± 21.1

0.129

Creatinine (mg/dL)

10.34 ± 2.58

11.3 ± 2.5

10.7 ± 2.7

9.9 ± 2.0

9.7 ± 2.5

0.008

(1) > (4)

Sodium (mmol/L)

136.9 ± 4.1

137.3 ± 2.6

137.0 ± 4.2

137.0 ± 4.6

136.5 ± 4.8

0.806

Potassium (mmol/L)

4.44 ± 0.97

4.5 ± 0.8

4.6 ± 0.8

4.5 ± 1.0

4.3 ± 1.1

0.660

Calcium (mg/dL)

9.30 ± 0.87

9.3 ± 0.9

9.3 ± 0.7

9.0 ± 1.1

9.4 ± 0.9

0.610

Phosphate (mg/dL)

4.90 ± 1.47

4.9 ± 1.4

5.5 ± 1.5

5.5 ± 1.4

4.5 ± 1.4

0.015

Ca x P product

45.70 ± 14.65

46.1 ± 13.9

50.8 ± 16.3

49.1 ± 11.8

42.7 ± 14.7

0.081

Albumin (g/dL)

3.65 ± 0.37

3.8 ± 0.3

3.7 ± 0.4

3.6 ± 0.3

3.5 ± 0.4

0.001

(1) > (4)

Glucose (mg/dL)

153.2 ± 65.8

153.3 ± 57.6

147.4 ± 69.9

157.1 ± 49.8

154.5 ± 73.5

0.966

GOT (IU/L)

18.4 ± 10.1

18.3 ± 9.4

18.0 ± 6.0

20.9 ± 20.3

18.2 ± 8.5

0.802

GPT (IU/L)

19.1 ± 20.0

18.2 ± 15.5

18.2 ± 10.8

25.1 ± 47.3

18.8 ± 15.1

0.689

Kt/V of urea

1.34 ± 0.22

1.4 ± 0.3

1.4 ± 0.2

1.3 ± 0.1

1.3 ± 0.2

0.160

Dialysis vintage (years)

4.5 ± 3.9

3.9 ± 3.8

4.8 ± 3.2

5.6 ± 4.4

4.7 ± 4.1

0.437

ALKP (U/L)

307.6 ± 138.6

297.9 ± 160.8

315.5 ± 137.7

333.1 ± 116.7

305.6 ± 128.4

0.846

Triglyceride (mg/dL)

169.8 ± 111.9

164.8 ± 81.5

158.7 ± 128.5

175.1 ± 94.7

176.3 ± 128.1

0.901

Cholesterol (mg/dL)

159.8 ± 34.9

166.6 ± 39.4

153.3 ± 35.1

150.7 ± 24.2

159.6 ± 33.2

0.306

Ferritin (ng/mL)

460.8 ± 444.5

410.9 ± 215.1

644.4 ± 920.4

391.8 ± 437.9

441.4 ± 233.5

0.149

i-parathyroid hormone (pg/mL)

338.0 ± 271.4

338.9 ± 272.2

453.7 ± 346.5

278.3 ± 201.7

306.7 ± 244.0

0.104

Hemoglobin (g/dL)

10.78 ± 1.51

10.9 ± 1.5

10.6 ± 1.4

10.8 ± 1.8

10.8 ± 1.5

0.950

Platelet (k/µL)

177.1 ± 64.9

170.7 ± 45.9

169.5 ± 64.9

208.4 ± 80.1

177.3 ± 71.6

0.234

  1. Data are presented as the mean ± standard deviation, or as the count number (percentage) in each TDQ subgroup. The p values are from Chi square test, Fisher’s exact test, or ANOVA among the 4 subgroups with post hoc comparisons performed using the Scheffe test (shown if significant, p < 0.05). Between-group comparisons of the 3-year mortality are performed by z-tests, and those with p < 0.05 are shown. The abbreviations are listed in Table 1.
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