Figure 2

MiISE5 suppresses B. glumae induced cell death and basal defense responses. (A) The N. benthamiana leaves were photographed within 3 days after B. glumae inoculation (a) and then cleared in ethanol (b) to observe the cell death symptoms. The left half leaf sections were injected with B. glumae carrying pEDV::GFP and the right half section were injected with B. glumae carrying pEDV::MiISE5. (B) The average areas of cell death lesions of control GFP and MiISE5. (C) Bacterial population [log₁₀·(CFU cm⁻²)] in BG_GFP and BG_MiISE5. Bacteria were recovered from inoculated leaves 1–4 days after inoculation. (D) Expression of plant defense genes. The expression level of NbBAK1, NbPAD4, NbTP1, NbWRKY29 were measured by q-PCR in BG_GFP and BG_MiISE5 inoculated leaves at 24 dpi. The actin gene was used as an internal control. Each bar represents the mean ± SD of three independent biological replicates, and the mean values significantly different from the control are demoted by * as determined by an independent samples t-test (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01).