Table 4 Adjusted associations of hypertension prevalence with 24-hour urinary sodium and potassium excretion per one-unit increase.

From: Association patterns of urinary sodium, potassium, and their ratio with blood pressure across various levels of salt-diet regions in China

Sodium/potassium excretion

No.

Crude model

Adjusted model2

Odds ratio (95% confidence interval)

P value

Odds ratio (95% confidence interval)

P value

Per 1-g increase of sodium excretion

41,475

1.04 (1.03, 1.06)

<0.01

1.07 (1.05, 1.08)

<0.01

    Sodium <5 g/day

15,658

0.87 (0.83, 0.91)

<0.01

0.87 (0.83, 0.92)

<0.01

    Sodium 5–6 g/day

10,002

1.13 (0.98, 1.30)

0.08

1.09 (0.94, 1.27)

0.26

    Sodium >6 g/day

15,815

1.07 (1.04, 1.10)

<0.01

1.11 (1.08, 1.15)

<0.01

Per 1-g increase of potassium excretion

41,475

0.91 (0.87, 0.95)

<0.01

0.81 (0.78, 0.85)

<0.01

    Potassium <1.8 g/day

11,742

1.41 (1.15, 1.73)

<0.01

0.99 (0.78, 1.24)

0.89

    Potassium 1.8–2.2 g/day

13,925

0.75 (0.56, 1.00)

0.05

0.66 (0.48, 0.91)

0.01

    Potassium >2.2 g/day

15,808

0.84 (0.76, 0.93)

<0.01

0.81 (0.72, 0.91)

<0.01

Per one unit increase of ratio3

41,475

1.15 (1.12, 1.18)

<0.01

1.27 (1.24, 1.31)

<0.01

    Ratio <2.3

12,144

0.86 (0.76, 0.98)

0.02

0.96 (0.83, 1.10)

0.53

    Ratio 2.3-3.0

15,553

1.29 (1.10, 1.52)

<0.01

1.36 (1.14, 1.62)

<0.01

    Ratio >3.0

13,778

1.24 (1.16, 1.32)

<0.01

1.35 (1.26, 1.45)

<0.01

  1. 1Self-reported hypertension or had blood pressure medication or blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg; CI, confidence interval;
  2. 2Adjusted for gender, age, education level, geographic region, body mass index (BMI), and alcohol intake;
  3. 3Ratio means 24-hour urinary sodium excretion divided by 24-hour urinary potassium.
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