Figure 5

I/R elevates oxidative stress and mtDNA in vitro. (a) The intracellular ROS levels were increased in H/R-treated IEC-6 cells. (b) H/R treatment obviously elevated mitochondrial ROS in IEC-6 cells. (c) Cells with H/R exposure showed significantly higher mtDNA levels than normoxic controls. The data are expressed as means ± SD. *P < 0.05 vs the H/R group.