Table 2 Comparison of particulate matter in all infusion combinations including the addition of IV in-line filtration.

From: Effectiveness of in-Line Filters to Completely Remove Particulate Contamination During a Pediatric Multidrug Infusion Protocol

Infusion set combination*

Particulate contamination analysis

Mean difference

95% confidence interval of difference

Adjusted p-value

Combination 2 “with filter and CVC” vs. combination 4 “with filter only”

Overall particulate matter

6,887

−6,761 to 20,536

0.4343

Particulate matter size ≥10 µm

29

−1,240 to 1,298

0.9982

Particulate matter size ≥25 µm

2

−11 to 14

0.9495

Combination 3 “with filter + extension line” vs. combination 4 “with filter only”

Overall particulate matter

43,442

29,793 to 57,090

<0.0001

Particulate matter size ≥10 µm

−3,513

−4,782 to −2,244

<0.0001

Particulate matter size ≥25 µm

22

10 to 34

0.0004

Combination 2 “with filter and CVC” vs. combination 3 “with filter and extension line”

Overall particulate matter

−36,554

−50,203 to −22,906

<0.0001

Particulate matter size ≥10 µm

3,513

2,244 to 4,782

<0.0001

Particulate matter size ≥25 µm

−20

−33 to −8

0.0008

  1. *Infusion set combinations are represented by the volume V, corresponding to the internal volume of the IV tubing between the in-line filter and the Qicpic particle counter, i.e. V = 0.8 mL, 1.7 mL and 0 mL for combinations 2, 3 and 4, respectively.
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