Figure 5
From: Silver nanoparticles promote the emergence of heterogeneic human neutrophil sub-populations
The profile of cytokines released from human neutrophils following exposure to silver nanoparticles. The presence of cytokines in the culture medium from control, untreated neutrophils (A) or those exposed to 50 nM formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP, B), 5 µg (C) or 20 µg (D) AgNP per 105 cells for 4 hr at 37 °C was assessed using a cytokine profiler array. Duplicate spots of interest are numbered and their identity is shown in the key below. The concentration of IL-8 (E) or MIF (F) released into the culture media from untreated neutrophils (Con) or following exposure to 2, 5 or 20 µg AgNP or AgBulk particles per 105 cells for 4 or 20 hr at 37 °C was further assessed by ELISA. Data is expressed as the mean cytokine concentration ± SEM, where n = 4; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.
