Table 3 Procoagulant effect of Daboia siamensis venoms sourced from Guangxi and Taiwan and its neutralization by antivenoms.

From: Venom proteomics and antivenom neutralization for the Chinese eastern Russell’s viper, Daboia siamensis from Guangxi and Taiwan

D. siamensis venom

MCDa (µg/ml)

Challenge dose (2MCD) (µg/ml)

DsMAV-Taiwan

GbMAV

DaMAV

EDb (µl, mg/ml)

Normalized ED, n-EDc (mg/g)

EDb (µl, mg/ml)

Normalized ED, n-EDc (mg/g)

EDb (µl, mg/ml)

Normalized ED, n-EDc (mg/g)

Guangxi

0.23 ± 0.06

0.46

0.044 ± 0.002,

2.03 ± 0.12

105.2

1.183 ± 0.017,

0.07 ± 0.00

0.4

>10,

<0.01

<0.05

Taiwan

0.15 ± 0.04

0.30

0.036 ± 0.003,

1.41 ± 0.13

73.1

2.633 ± 0.088,

0.02 ± 0.00

0.1

>10,

<0.01

<0.05

  1. MCD: Minimal clotting dose; ED: Effective dose.
  2. aMinimal clotting dose was defined as the dose of venom (µg/ml) required to cause clotting in 5 minutes.
  3. bEffective dose was defined as the dose of antivenom capable of prolonging the clotting time of challenge dose to 3 times that of the control. ED was expressed in units of antivenom volume (µl) and venom amount per unit volume of antivenom (mg/ml).
  4. cNormalized ED was derived from ED (mg/ml) by normalizing the antivenom volume by antivenom protein concentration.
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