Table 4 Hemorhagic effect of Daboia siamensis venoms sourced from Guangxi and Taiwan and its neutralization by antivenoms.

From: Venom proteomics and antivenom neutralization for the Chinese eastern Russell’s viper, Daboia siamensis from Guangxi and Taiwan

D. siamensis venom

MHDa (µg/mouse)

Challenge dose (2MHD) (µg/mouse)

DsMAV-Taiwan

GbMAV

DaMAV

ED50b (µl, mg/ml)

Normalized ED50, n-ED50c (mg/g)

ED50b (µl, mg/ml)

Normalized ED50, n-ED50c (mg/g)

ED50b (µl, mg/ml)

Normalized ED50, n-ED50c (mg/g)

Guangxi

3.42 ± 0.12

6.84

0.871 ± 0.159,

7.85 ± 3.70

406.74

>5,

<1

<6

>5,

<1

<6

Taiwan

8.21 ± 0.31

16.42

0.418 ± 0.082,

39.28 ± 7.17

2035.35

>5,

<1

<6

>5,

<1

<6

  1. MHD: Minimal hemorrhagic dose; ED50: Median effective dose.
  2. aMinimal hemorrhagic dose was defined as the amount of venom (µg) required to induce a skin hemorrhagic lesion of 10 mm diameter.
  3. bMedian effective dose was defined as the dose of antivenom capable of reducing the venom hemorrhagic activity of 2MHD by 50%. ED50 was expressed in units of antivenom volume (µl) and venom amount per unit volume of antivenom (mg/ml).
  4. cNormalized ED50 was derived from ED50 (mg/ml) by normalizing the antivenom volume by its protein concentration.
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