Table 5 Lethality of Daboia siamensis venoms sourced from Guangxi and Taiwan and the efficacy of antivenoms in neutralizing the lethal effect.

From: Venom proteomics and antivenom neutralization for the Chinese eastern Russell’s viper, Daboia siamensis from Guangxi and Taiwan

D. siamensis venom

Challenge dose

i.v. LD50 (µg/g)a

ED50 (µl)b

ER50 (mg/ml)c

Potency, P (mg/ml)d

AV protein concentration (mg/ml)

Normalized P, n-P (mg/g)e

   

DsMAV-Taiwan

Guangxi

5

0.18 (0.12–0.27)

11.24

1.76 (1.17–2.64)

1.41

19.3 ± 0.5

73.1

Taiwan

5

0.09 (0.06–0.14)

4.90

2.02 (1.35–3.14)

1.62

19.3 ± 0.5

83.9

   

GbMAV

Guangxi

5

0.18 (0.12–0.27)

91.24

0.22 (0.14–0.33)

0.17

168.5 ± 0.7

1.0

   

DaMAV

Guangxi

5

0.18 (0.12–0.27)

N.E.

N.E.

N.E.

181.1 ± 6.4

N.E.

  1. LD50: Median lethal dose; ED50: Median effective dose; ER50: Median effective ratio; MCD: Minimal clotting dose; ED: Effective dose; N.E.: Non-effective.
  2. aMedian lethal dose was defined as the dose of venom (µg/ml) at which 50% of mice were dead.
  3. bMedian effective dose was defined as the dose of antivenom (µl) at which 50% of mice survived.
  4. cMedian effective ratio was defined as the ratio of venom (mg) to the volume dose of antivenom (ml) at which 50% of mice survived.
  5. dPotency, P was defined as the amount of venom (mg) completely neutralized by one ml of antivenom (ml).
  6. eNormalized P, n-P was defined as the neutralization potency of the antivenom in mg venom/g antivenom protein.
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