Figure 3

Linear relationship between measured and predicted height at the age of 8 years old (A) and residual, bias and RMSE (m) calculated by species using the best-fit model (B and C). The best-fit model was described in Table 1a. In (B) box plots in green and red indicate adaptive generalists and specialists, respectively; overall bias and error are −0.1287 (indicative of overestimation) and 0.6526 m, respectively. Tree ages and sampled population sizes, N, are given within parentheses in the vertical axis. In (C) residuals for each species by age were displayed in box plots. Species age in year (yr) was given above each panel and species in the 20 panels are Tsuga heterophylla (1), Picea engelmannii (2), Pseudotsuga menziesii [(3) and (20)], Abies lasiocarpa (4), Picea sitchensis [(5) and (18)], Pinus albicaulis (6), Pinus monticola (7), Pinus ponderosa [(8) and (17)], Thuja plicata (9), Picea pungens (10), Abies concolor (11), Pinus attenuate (12), Abies grandis [(13) and (15)], Abies procera (14), and Pinus contorta [(16) and (19)].