Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study subjects according to incident diabetes.
Control (N = 4,021,636) | Diabetes (N = 1,005,409) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 57.2 ± 12.5 | 57.2 ± 12.5 | 1 |
30–39 | 322,396 (8.0) | 80,599 (8.0) | |
40–64 | 2,500,100 (62.2) | 625,025 (62.2) | |
≥65 | 1,199,140 (29.8) | 299,785 (29.8) | |
Sex, male (%) | 2,236,900 (55.6) | 559,225 (55.6) | 1 |
Comorbidities | |||
Hypertension (%) | 1,021,775 (25.4) | 523,654 (52.1) | <0.001 |
Dyslipidemia (%) | 490,804 (12.2) | 432,661 (43.0) | <0.001 |
Stroke (%) | 137,904 (3.4) | 71,141(7.1) | <0.001 |
Myocardial infarction (%) | 27,944 (0.7) | 21,921 (2.2) | <0.001 |
TIA (%) | 36,794 (0.9) | 18,046 (1.8) | <0.001 |
Chronic pancreatitis (%) | 6,648 (0.2) | 8,186 (0.8) | <0.001 |
Acute pancreatitis (%) | 19,825 (0.5) | 20,221 (2.0) | <0.001 |
Hepatitis B (%) | 66,873 (1.7) | 39,675 (4.0) | <0.001 |
Hepatitis C (%) | 21,822 (0.5) | 19,584 (2.0) | <0.001 |
Biliary disease (%) | 53,835 (1.3) | 36,706 (3.7) | <0.001 |
Alcoholism (%) | 73,946 (1.8) | 70,491 (7.0) | <0.001 |
NAFLD (%) | 401,238 (10.0) | 333,593 (33.2) | <0.001 |
Place of residence | <0.001 | ||
Urban | 1,834,944 (45.6) | 448,736 (44.6) | |
Rural | 2,186,692 (54.4) | 556,673 (55.4) | |
Income status (%) | <0.001 | ||
Quartile 1 | 960,140 (23.9) | 247,883 (24.7) | |
Quartile 2 | 870,293 (21.6) | 218,062 (21.7) | |
Quartile 3 | 938,082 (23.3) | 227,968 (22.7) | |
Quartile 4 | 1,086,158 (27.0) | 247,814 (24.7) | |
Medical aid | 166,963 (4.2) | 63,682 (6.3) | |
Year of index date | 1 | ||
2009 | 1,009,616 (25.1) | 252,404 (25.1) | |
2010 | 994,300 (24.7) | 248,575 (24.7) | |
2011 | 1,042,652 (25.9) | 260,663 (25.9) | |
2012 | 975,068 (24.3) | 243,767 (24.3) | |
