Table 1 Patient characteristics, stratified by histological classification.

From: Lupus nephritis pathology prediction with clinical indices

Characteristic

Class

Total (n = 173)

II (n = 58)

III and IV (n = 82)

V (n = 33)

Mean age, yr

27.49 ± 13.26

26.38 ± 13.65

28.27 ± 13.83

27.12 ± 13.5

Female

84.7#

67.9

75.8

75.1

Fever

23.7

25.9

24.2

24.9

Photosensitivity

18.6

19.8

30.3

21.4

Psilosis

20.3

25.9

9.1

20.8

High blood pressure

11.8*

29.6*

21.2

22

Arthralgia

47.5

33.3

33.3

38.2

Edema

44.1

46.9

48.5

46.2

Erythra

35.6*

52.9

51.6

46.9

OB (+)

54.2

63

54.5

58.4

Raynaud phenomenon

6.8

11.1

9.1

9.2

Urinary protein(+)

83.1

85.2

87.9

85

Urinary erythrocytes(+)

35.6

54.3

51.5

47.4

WBC count (109/L)

7.59 ± 3.89

6.86 ± 4.02

7.94 ± 7.56

7.31 ± 4.85

PLT count (109/L)

219.36 ± 108.22*#

167.63 ± 74.55*

178.53 ± 86.1

187.35 ± 92

BUN (mmol/L)

6.79 ± 5.1

8.73 ± 7.12

7.84 ± 5.49

7.9 ± 6.22

Cr (μmol/L)

104.28 ± 132.81

111.54 ± 107.96

93.14 ± 61.02

105.55 ± 110.04

Uric acid (μmol/L)

335.31 ± 112.94*#

411.03 ± 125.4*

364.12 ± 118.7

376.26 ± 133.77

Serum C3 (103 g/l)

691.19 ± 253.42*

507.47 ± 301.17*#

755.85 ± 346.2*※

617.5 ± 312.05

SSB(+)

11.8

8.6

12.1

10.4

SLEDAI

12.71 ± 5.63

14.81 ± 6.71*

12.61 ± 5.62

13.68 ± 6.22

TIL

3.05 ± 1.33*#

3.81 ± 1.68

3.94 ± 1.64

3.58 ± 1.6

NAG (U/L)

12.7 ± 3.91*#

16.33 ± 1.77

17.55 ± 3.01*

15.33 ± 3.77

AI

4.8 ± 2.93

7.28 ± 2.62

5.73 ± 3.16

6.13 ± 3.04

CI

0.9 ± 1.16

1.74 ± 2.09

1.79 ± 1.87

1.46 ± 1.82

eGFR (ml/min)

105.49 ± 66.05

102.52 ± 73.92

98.21 ± 45.35

102.71 ± 66.35

Serum C4 (103 g/l)

145.1 ± 71.45#

118.03 ± 74.14*

136.32 ± 72.34

130.75 ± 73.51

Sm(+)

16.9

24.7

21.2

21.3

SSA(+)

49.2

44.4

51.5

47.4

nRNP(+)

15.3

18.5

6.1

15

dsDNA(+)

22*#

56.8*※

18.2*

37.6

Scl-70(+)

5.1

1.2

0

2.3

Jo-1(+)

3.4

1.2

0

1.7

  1. The data included 173 samples. According to treatment differences, we defined three clusters of pathological classes: cluster 1 (class II), cluster 2 (class III or IV, including V combined with III or IV) and cluster 3 (pure class V). Serum C3: serum complement 3, Serum c4: serum complement 4, dsDNA: double-stranded DNA, SLEDAI: systemic lupus erythematosus Disease Activity Index, Cr: creatinine, SSB: anti-Sjogren syndrome B antibody, eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate, nRNP: U1-RNP antibody, OB: stool occult blood, WBC count: white blood cell count, PLT count: platelet count, TIL: tubulointerstitial lesion, NAG: urinary N-acetyl-beta-d-glucosaminidase isoenzyme, AI: renal biopsy acute index, CI: renal biopsy chronic index. Values are expressed by % or mean ± SD. *p < 0.05, comparing to the other two groups, #p < 0.05, class II vs class III&IV, ※p < 0.05, class III&IV vs class V, *p < 0.05, class II vs class V (chi-square test was used for classified variables, ANOVA test was used for continuous variables).
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