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Figure 1

From: Differential Effects of E-Cigarette on Microvascular Endothelial Function, Arterial Stiffness and Oxidative Stress: A Randomized Crossover Trial

Figure 1

Endothelial microcirculatory function. Effect of (a) acetylcholine and (b) sodium nitroprusside iontophoresis after sham-vaping (open circle), nicotine free vaping (open square) and nicotine vaping (closed triangle). Effect of skin pretreatment by saline (continuous line) and L-N-arginine-methyl-ester (dotted line) iontophoresis on skin hyperemic response to local heating (c) after sham vaping, nicotine free vaping and nicotine vaping. Nicotine vaping decreased acetylcholine mediated vasodilation in comparison to sham-vaping (p < 0.0001) and vaping without nicotine (p < 0.0001). Sodium nitroprusside induced vasodilation was not affected by any of the three experimental sessions (ANOVA session effect; p > 0.8). Vasodilation induced by heat in presence of saline or L-N-arginine-methyl-ester were not affected by vaping with and without nicotine and sham-vaping (ANOVA session effect; p > 0.1). BSL indicates baseline; Scan 1 → 10 denotes the time from the first scan to the last scan (150 s per scan).

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