Table 1 Characteristics of individuals according to frequency and patterns of exercise.

From: Frequency and pattern of exercise and depression after two years in older Japanese adults: the JAGES longitudinal study

		Non-exercisers		Exercisers <2/wk				Exercisers 2+/wk				Total
		Non-exercisers		Ea-only		Ewo		Ea-only		Ewo		Total
		N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%	N	%
N		364	100.0	145	100.0	163	100.0	270	100.0	480	100.0	1,422	100.0
Exercising alone	Hardly ever	364	100.0	0	0.0	77	47.2	0	0.0	65	13.5	506	35.6
	1–3/mo	0	0.0	63	43.4	59	36.2	0	0.0	11	2.3	133	9.4
	About 1/wk	0	0.0	82	56.6	27	16.6	0	0.0	70	14.6	179	12.6
	2+/wk	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	270	100.0	334	69.6	604	42.5
Exercising with others	Hardly ever	364	100.0	145	100.0	0	0.0	270	100.0	0	0.0	779	54.8
	1–3/mo	0	0.0	0	0.0	122	74.8	0	0.0	57	11.9	179	12.6
	About 1/wk	0	0.0	0	0.0	41	25.2	0	0.0	111	23.1	152	10.7
	2+/wk	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	312	65.0	312	21.9
Age (years)	65–69	116	31.9	51	35.2	57	35.0	82	30.4	161	33.5	467	32.8
	70–74	116	31.9	53	36.6	60	36.8	100	37.0	175	36.5	504	35.4
	75–79	85	23.4	27	18.6	29	17.8	49	18.1	108	22.5	298	21.0
	80+	47	12.9	14	9.7	17	10.4	39	14.4	36	7.5	153	10.8
Sex	Male	199	54.7	89	61.4	92	56.4	153	56.7	237	49.4	770	54.1
Sex	Female	165	45.3	56	38.6	71	43.6	117	43.3	243	50.6	652	45.9
Living area	Kashiwa	38	10.4	19	13.1	23	14.1	52	19.3	90	18.8	222	15.6
	Nagoya	211	58.0	75	51.7	81	49.7	123	45.6	220	45.8	710	49.9
	Kobe	115	31.6	51	35.2	59	36.2	95	35.2	170	35.4	490	34.5
Annual equivalized income	Low	149	40.9	54	37.2	53	32.5	97	35.9	157	32.7	510	35.9
	Middle	140	38.5	64	44.1	73	44.8	111	41.1	219	45.6	607	42.7
	High	48	13.2	13	9.0	24	14.7	35	13.0	76	15.8	196	13.8
	Missing	27	7.4	14	9.7	13	8.0	27	10.0	28	5.8	109	7.7
Educational attainment (years)	≤9	112	30.8	29	20.0	34	20.9	56	20.7	107	22.3	338	23.8
	10–12	134	36.8	63	43.4	72	44.2	110	40.7	207	43.1	586	41.2
	13+	108	29.7	51	35.2	54	33.1	100	37.0	159	33.1	472	33.2
	Missing	10	2.7	2	1.4	3	1.8	4	1.5	7	1.5	26	1.8
Household composition	Living alone	50	13.7	16	11.0	19	11.7	45	16.7	52	10.8	182	12.8
Household composition	With others	314	86.3	129	89.0	144	88.3	225	83.3	428	89.2	1,240	87.2
Work status	Employed	121	33.2	39	26.9	42	25.8	62	23.0	86	17.9	350	24.6
	Unemployed	225	61.8	103	71.0	110	67.5	194	71.9	379	79.0	1,011	71.1
	Missing	18	4.9	3	2.1	11	6.7	14	5.2	15	3.1	61	4.3
Body mass index (kg/m²)	<18.5	30	8.2	6	4.1	8	4.9	16	5.9	33	6.9	93	6.5
	18.5–24.9	251	69.0	113	77.9	124	76.1	189	70.0	368	76.7	1,045	73.5
	25.0+	74	20.3	26	17.9	30	18.4	61	22.6	74	15.4	265	18.6
	Missing	9	2.5	0	0.0	1	0.6	4	1.5	5	1.0	19	1.3
Self-reported medical conditions	No illness/disability	89	24.5	39	26.9	44	27.0	73	27.0	130	27.1	375	26.4
	Present illness/disability	243	66.8	95	65.5	103	63.2	179	66.3	303	63.1	923	64.9
	Missing	32	8.8	11	7.6	16	9.8	18	6.7	47	9.8	124	8.7
Drinking	No	204	56.0	67	46.2	84	51.5	141	52.2	245	51.0	741	52.1
	Yes	143	39.3	73	50.3	70	42.9	122	45.2	214	44.6	622	43.7
	Missing	17	4.7	5	3.4	9	5.5	7	2.6	21	4.4	59	4.1
Smoking	No	298	81.9	122	84.1	131	80.4	239	88.5	415	86.5	1,205	84.7
	Yes	47	12.9	17	11.7	24	14.7	20	7.4	38	7.9	146	10.3
	Missing	19	5.2	6	4.1	8	4.9	11	4.1	27	5.6	71	5.0
Emotional support (recipient)	No	19	5.2	4	2.8	1	0.6	14	5.2	9	1.9	47	3.3
	Yes	334	91.8	137	94.5	159	97.5	253	93.7	462	96.3	1,345	94.6
	Missing	11	3.0	4	2.8	3	1.8	3	1.1	9	1.9	30	2.1

“Ea-only” and “Ewo” means “people who only exercised alone” and “people who exercised with others”, respectively.

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Table 1 Characteristics of individuals according to frequency and patterns of exercise.

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