Table 1 Characteristics of the study population.

From: Leukocyte telomere length correlates with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy severity

Variable

HCM

HNCM

HOCM

P-value

N = 88

N = 32

N = 56

Age (years)

54.5 ± 16.6

52.0 ± 18.2

55.9 ± 15.5

0.425

Male N (%)

43 (49)

23 (72)

20 (36)

0.002

Body mass index (kg/m2)

22.1 ± 11.6

21.6 ± 11.6

22.4 ± 11.7

0.651

Echocardiography

IVS (mm)

20.8 ± 8.1

19.3 ± 6.9

21.6 ± 8.6

0.153

LVEDD (mm)

43.0 ± 6.0

44.3 ± 5.8

42.2 ± 6.1

0.136

Aortic root (mm)

31.5 ± 4.6

31.4 ± 4.6

31.5 ± 4.7

0.826

LVPWD (mm)

11.7 ± 3.5

11.1 ± 2.8

12.2 ± 3.9

0.256

LVOT-gr.max. (mmHg)

73.1 ± 61.2

12.5 ± 10.1

90.4 ± 58.6

<0.001

LVEF reduced N (%)

9 (10)

9 (28)

0 (0)

<0.001

RVEF reduced N (%)

8 (9)

7 (22)

1 (2)

0.004

Mitral insufficiency N (%)

   minor

47 (53)

22 (69)

25 (45)

0.067

   medium

29 (33)

7 (22)

22 (39)

0.095

   major

5 (6)

1 (3)

4 (7)

0.645

   missing

7 (8)

2 (6)

5 (9)

 

Clinical symptoms

Syncope N (%)

14 (16)

3 (9)

11 (20)

0.230

Positive family history N (%)

25 (28)

6 (19)

19 (34)

0.134

Dyspnoea N (%)

46 (52)

14 (44)

32 (57)

0.163

NYHA N (%)

   

0.223

   1

21 (24)

11 (34)

10 (18)

 

   2

37 (42)

10 (31)

27 (48)

 

   3

18 (21)

6 (20)

12 (21)

 

   4

1 (1)

0 (0)

1 (2)

 

   missing

11 (12)

5 (15)

6 (11)

 

Angina pectoris N (%)

13 (15)

2 (6)

11 (20)

0.116

Palpitations N (%)

26 (30)

9 (28)

17 (30)

0.808

Peripheral edema N (%)

10 (11)

4 (13)

6 (11)

1.000

Hypertension N (%)

30 (34)

12 (38)

18 (32)

0.640

Diabetes mellitus N (%)

8 (9)

3 (9)

5 (9)

1.000

Coronary artery disease N (%)

13 (15)

4 (13)

9 (16)

0.759

Drugs

Beta blockers N (%)

65 (74)

24 (75)

41 (73)

1.000

ACE inhibitors N (%)

27 (31)

9 (28)

18 (32)

0.806

AT1 antagonists (%)

7 (8)

6 (19)

1 (2)

0.009

Diuretics N (%)

29 (33)

10 (31)

19 (34)

0.812

Calcium antagonists N (%)

17 (19)

6 (19)

11 (20)

1.000

Anticoagulation drugs N (%)

38 (43)

13 (41)

25 (45)

0.816

  1. Data are presented as mean ± SD for continuous variables and as frequencies (percentages) for categorical variables.
  2. IVS = interventricular septum size; LVEDD = left ventricular end-diastolic diameter; LVPWD = left ventricular posterior wall thickness end diastole; LVOT-gr. max. = left ventricular outflow tract gradient maximum; LVEF = left ventricle ejection fraction; RVEF = right ventricle ejection fraction; ACE: Angiotensin-converting enzyme; AT1 = angiotensin I.
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