Figure 5

(a) Phase diagram of the 1D GWDM for θ^a = θ^b ± π, θ⁺ = −θ⁻, and α ≡ θ⁻ − θ^a. The phase diagram has a similar structure to that of the Haldane model on a honeycomb lattice. Δ and α are free parameters. (b) Energy spectra with a zero-energy edge state at α = π/4. (c) Hamiltonian trajectories when sweeping k. θ^a = θ^b ± π, θ⁺ = −θ⁻, and α ≡ θ⁻ − θ^a. (d_x, d_z) = (0, 0) is the gap closing point in our model.