Figure 6
From: Spontaneous formation of fluid escape pipes from subsurface reservoirs

Initial conditions for the numerical simulation. Permeability distribution is set as an anisotropic Gaussian random field throughout the model. A cylindrical ellipse of close to one order of magnitude higher dynamic permeability values (logarithmic scale) compared to the background dimensionless value of 1 is located at ¼ from the bottom of the domain. Gravity is acting downwards and the pore fluid is twice as buoyant as the solid matrix.