Figure 3
From: Mechanical loading induces primary cilia disassembly in tendon cells via TGFβ and HDAC6
Cyclic tensile strain of isolated human tenocytes leads to progressive disassembly of primary cilia over time which is reversible on strain removal. (a) Time course showing the effects of cyclic tensile strain (3%, 1 Hz) on cilia prevalence measured after 5, 8 and 24 hrs of loading and following a 2 hr recovery period after 24 hrs of loading. Values represent mean prevalence with error bars showing standard error (n = 6 fields of view per condition). (b) Representative confocal images of primary cilia in unloaded cells and loaded cells. Cilia have been labelled with anti-acetylated α-tubulin (red) and anti-ARL13b (green). Scale bar represents 5 μm. (c) Box and whisker plots showing corresponding cilia length. N = 160 ± 20 cells and 80 ± 40 cilia per condition from across 3 donors. Data were analysed with 1-factor Anova. Data was significant at p < 0.001. Post hoc testing was performed using Tukey-Kramer. Statistically significant differences relative to unstrained control are indicated at p < 0.05 (*), p < 0.01 (**) and p < 0.001 (***).
