Table 1 Characteristics of patients with severe TBI on admission, for the evacuated hematoma and diffuse brain injury groups.

From: Slow rewarming improved the neurological outcomes of prolonged mild therapeutic hypothermia in patients with severe traumatic brain injury and an evacuated hematoma

Variable

Evacuated hematoma (N = 43)

Diffuse injury (N = 54)

P value

Age (years)

54 (23–63)

27 (20–47)

0.002

Male

25 (58%)

43 (80%)

0.027

SBP (mmHg)

160 (123–187)

132 (110–153)

0.001

DBP (mmHg)

90 (70–104)

79 (65–90)

0.025

Heart rate (beats/min)

79 (70–94)

100 (77–118)

0.007

Cardiac index on Day 1 (l/min/m2)

2.9 (2.4–3.6)

3.0 (1.5–3.5)

0.617

GCS

5 (4–7)

6 (5–7)

0.021

  GCS score 4–5

24 (56%)

16 (30%)

0.013

  GCS score 6–8

19 (44%)

38 (70%)

 

Unreactive pupil(s)

27 (63%)

19 (35%)

0.008

Head CT grade on admission

  Diffuse injury grade I

0

1 (2%)

 

  Diffuse injury grade II

0

30 (56%)

 

  Diffuse injury grade III

0

15 (28%)

 

  Diffuse injury grade IV

0

3 (6%)

 

  Evacuated hematoma

43 (100%)

0

 

  Non-evacuated hematoma

0

5 (9%)

 

Surgical treatment of TBI

43 (100%)

18 (33%)

<0.001

ISS

25 (17–33)

27 (18–35)

0.221

AIS score for head

4 (4–5)

4 (4–5)

0.298

AIS score ≥4 for other organs

4 (9%)

6 (11%)

1

Good neurological outcome (GR or MD rating on GOS)

19/42 (45%)

25/51 (49%)

0.835

Mortality rate

15/42 (36%)

17/51 (33%)

0.83

  1. Values are presented as the median (range) or n (%) of patients.
  2. SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, GCS Glasgow Coma Scale, CT computed tomography, TBI traumatic brain injury, ISS injury severity score, AIS abbreviated injury score; GR good recovery, MD moderate disability, GOS Glasgow Outcome Scale.
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