Figure 3 | Scientific Reports

Figure 3

From: Ursodeoxycholic acid improves liver function via phenylalanine/tyrosine pathway and microbiome remodelling in patients with liver dysfunction

Figure 3

Estimation of urinary and plasma metabolites after UDCA and vitamin E treatments via global metabolomic analysis. Three-dimensional PCA data and volcano plots are shown for urine samples of (A) UDCA- and (B) vitamin E-treated patients and plasma samples of (C) UDCA- and (D) vitamin E-treated patients. In the PCA plot, blue and red spheres indicate pre-dose and week 8 samples, respectively. Black spheres represent the quality control sample used to verify the reproducibility and accuracy of the data. Each dotted circle indicates a cluster of spheres with the same colour. Values in the volcano plots show the metabolites that significantly changed, as found by multivariate analysis. Red squares indicate metabolites upregulated after treatment, and blue squares indicate metabolites downregulated after treatment.

Back to article page