Figure 4 | Scientific Reports

Figure 4

From: Targeting proinflammatory cytokines ameliorates calcifying phenotype conversion of vascular progenitors under uremic conditions in vitro

Figure 4

Antagonization of pro-inflammatory cytokines and fibroblast growth factor reduces osteoblast differentiation and calcification of MSC induced by serum from dialysis patients. MSC were exposed to serum from dialysis patients in OM. Inhibitors of IL-1, TNF-α, and fibroblast growth factor were added alone or in combination. (A) ALP activity normalized to protein content. (B) Alizarin staining from a representative experiment. (C) Deposited calcium normalized to protein content. All values are expressed relative to OM with patient serum without inhibitors (Control = 1.00). Means + SEM, n = 8. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001.

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