Table 3 Review of black bear survival from studies in the northern hardwood ecotone, listed in order of sample size.

³⁸

North Carolina

n/a

n/a

n/a

0.69

16

0.27–0.89

1.00

16

1.00–1.00

⁵²

Pennsylvania

n/a

n/a

n/a

0.78

4324

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

⁵¹

North Carolina and Virginia

0.59

n/a⁺

n/a

0.71

n/a⁺

n/a

0.84

n/a⁺

n/a

⁵⁰

Virginia

0.59

22

0.38–0.76

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

³¹

Ontario

0.83

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

³⁹

Virginia

0.49

65

0.15–0.88

0.53

65

0.16–0.88

1.00

31

1.00–1.00

⁵³

Minnesota

n/a

n/a

n/a

0.80

n/a

0.75–0.83

n/a

n/a

n/a

⁵⁴

North Carolina^*

0.69

72

0.60–0.75

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

³⁸

North Carolina

n/a

n/a

n/a

0.71

35

0.53–0.82

1.00

35

1.00–1.00

⁵⁵

North Carolina

0.70

101

0.59–0.83

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

⁵²

Pennsylvania

n/a

n/a

n/a

0.84

2685

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

⁵¹

North Carolina and Virginia

0.87

n/a⁺

n/a

0.90

n/a⁺

n/a

0.96

n/a⁺

n/a

⁵⁰

Virginia

0.93

24

0.77–0.99

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

³¹

Ontario

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

0.84

n/a

0.82–0.85

³⁹

Virginia

0.90

76

0.52–0.99

0.91

76

0.51–0.99

1.00

56

1.00–1.00

⁵³

Minnesota

n/a

n/a

n/a

0.87

n/a

0.86–0.90

n/a

n/a

n/a

⁵⁴

North Carolina^*

0.69

72

0.60–0.75

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a