Figure 3
Effects of pressure elevation, voriconazole, APV, CNQX, dutasterid, and neurosteroids. (A) Light micrograph of the retina incubated with 10 μM voriconazole (Vot) at 10 mmHg. Administration of Vor induced excitotoxic changes characterized by bull’s eye formation in the INL (open arrows) and edematous IPL along with axonal degeneration in the NFL (arrowheads) at 10 mmHg. (B–D) Light micrographs of retinas incubated with Vor in combination with 50 μM APV alone (B), 30 μM CNQX alone (C), or 50 μM APV plus 30 μM CNQX (D) at 10 mmHg. Administration of APV alone (B) or CNQX alone (C) did not inhibit the excitotoxic degeneration induced by Vor at 10 mmHg. Arrowheads indicate degenerated axons in the NFL. Open arrows indicate the bull’s eye formation in the INL. By contrast, a combination of APV and CNQX exerted substantial neuroprotection (D). However, pyknotic degeneration in the INL (open arrow) still remained. (E) Administration of 30 μM 24SH exhibited substantial neuroprotection against Vor-induced neuronal damage at 10 mmHg. (F,G) Administration of 1 μM picrotoxin (PTX) (F) or 1 μM dutasteride (Duta) (G) induced bull’s eye formation in the INL (open arrows) and edematous IPL along with degeneration in the ONL in the retina incubated with Vor and 30 μM 24SH at 10 mmHg. (H) Administration of APV did not inhibit excitotoxic changes characterized by bull’s eye formation in the INL (open arrows) and edematous IPL along with axonal degeneration in the NFL (arrowhead) in the retina incubated with Vor and 30 μM 24SH at 10 mmHg. (I,J) Light micrographs of the retina incubated with Vor and NSs at 10 mmHg. Combination of 1 μM AlloP and 5 μM 24SH inhibited the retinal degeneration induced by Vor (I). Administration of 10 μM AlloP exerted almost complete neuroprotection (J). Arrow indicates blood vessel. (A–J) are at the same magnification. Scale bars, 15 μm.
