Figure 4 | Scientific Reports

Figure 4

From: Additive neuroprotective effects of 24(S)-hydroxycholesterol and allopregnanolone in an ex vivo rat glaucoma model

Figure 4

Effects of pressure elevation, voriconazole, picrotoxin, APV, and neurosteroids. (A) Administration with 10 μM voriconazole (Vor) induced less severe excitotoxic changes in the retina at 75 mmHg. Arrowhead indicates axonal swelling, and open arrow indicates bull’s eye formation in the INL. (B) Administration with 1 μM 24SH was neuroprotective in the retina incubated with Vor at 75 mmHg. Arrow indicates a blood vessel. (C) Administration of 1 μM picrotoxin (PTX) induced severe excitotoxic changes in a retina incubated with Vor and 1 μM 24SH at 75 mmHg. Note the degeneration in the GCL. Open arrows indicate bull’s eye formation in the INL, and open arrow indicates bull’s eye formation in the INL. (D) Administration of 50 μM APV did not inhibit excitotoxicity in the retina incubated with Vor and 1 μM 24SH. Arrowhead indicates degeneration in the NFL, and open arrow indicates bull’s eye formation in the INL. (E) Administration of 1 μM AlloP exhibited substantial neuroprotection against Vor-induced neuronal damage. Arrows indicate blood vessels. (A–E) are at the same magnification. Scale bars, 15 μm.

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