Figure 2 | Scientific Reports

Figure 2

From: Reversible Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type-1 Latency in Primary Human Monocyte-Derived Macrophages Induced by Sustained M1 Polarization

Figure 2

M12 MDM show reduced levels of integrated (proviral) HIV DNA than CTR and M1-MDM together with a silent profile of proviral transcription. (A) Alu-PCR was evaluated by semi-quantitative determination of HIV integrated provirus normalized to mitochondrial DNA (ng/ng) in extracts from MDM obtained 15 days after infection. Reduced levels of integrated provirus were observed in M1-MDM and, particularly, in M12 MDM that, however, were not statistically significant by paired ANOVA; the results show the means ± SD of infections of cells obtained from 5 independent donors. (B) Silent transcriptional profile of M12 MDM after cytokine restimulation. Cytokine restimulation of M1-MDM 8 days after infection did not result in increased levels of either US or MS HIV-1 RNA. Bar graphs represent the fold difference of M1 and M12 macrophages in respect with unpolarized CTR cells Days post-infection: 8 (n = 2), 12 (n = 8), 18 and 21 (n = 4); statistical analysis by One-way ANOVA *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.

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