Figure 3

Effect of cold exposure on cell cycle-related genes and beige progenitor genes in ingWAT of cold-stimulated Tg mice. (A) Representative images of paraffin sections of ingWAT of DT-treated WT and Tg mice after cold exposure stained with anti-Ki-67 antibody (left panel) and quantification of Ki-67⁺-cells/field for total ingWAT weight (right panel) (n = 4–6 mice per group; scale bar, 100 μm). (B,C) mRNA expression of cell cycle-related genes and beige progenitor marker genes in the ingWAT of cold-stimulated WT and Tg mice compared with their littermate controls at RT (n = 4–6 mice per group). (D) Representative flow cytometry images of ingWAT from WT and Tg mice (left panel). Quantification is shown in the right panel. After debris removal, live cells were gated for CD31/CD45⁻ cells (lineage negative). Then, the lineage negative cells were further gated for the CD137⁺ population (n = 4–5 mice per group). An isotype control antibody was used as a negative control. The data are shown as the mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, compared with littermates, as determined using Student’s t-test.