Table 3 Association of retinal microvascular parameters and matrix Gla protein.

From: Inactive matrix Gla protein is a novel circulating biomarker predicting retinal arteriolar narrowing in humans

Model

Central Retinal Arteriolar Calibre

Central Retinal Venular Calibre

Arteriole-to-venule Ratio

Estimate (95%CI)

P

Estimate (95%CI)

P

Estimate (95%CI)

P

Unadjusted

−1.40 (−2.48 to −0.32)

0.011

−0.13 (−1.62 to 1.36)

0.86

−0.006 (−0.011 to −0.001)

0.016

Model 1

−0.94 (−1.84 to −0.05)

0.040

1.06 (−0.21 to 2.32)

0.10

−0.005 (−0.010 to −0.0002)

0.043

Model 2

−1.03 (−1.96 to −0.11)

0.028

1.83 (0.55 to 3.11)

0.005

−0.007 (−0.011 to −0.002)

0.007

Model 3

−0.91 (−1.82 to −0.01)

0.048

1.68 (0.40 to 2.96)

0.010

−0.006 (−0.011 to −0.001)

0.014

  1. Association sizes (95% confidence interval) express the changes in the retinal indexes associated with a doubling higher matrix Gla protein. All estimates accounted for clustering within families. Model 1 accounted for sex and baseline age. Model 2 were adjusted for sex, the baseline characteristics age, body mass index, diastolic blood pressure, serum total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, diabetes mellitus, smoking, alcohol consumption and use of antihypertensive drugs by class, history of cardiovascular disease and duration of follow-up. Model 3 additionally accounted for the changes of body mass index, diastolic blood pressure, serum total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and 3 indicator variables coding for starting, stopping, or continuing antihypertensive drug treatment from baseline to follow-up. For central retinal arteriolar (venular) calibre, we additionally adjusted for central retinal venular (arteriolar) equivalent.
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