Table 2 Crude and adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of hearing impairment for dementia.

From: Hearing impairment and the risk of neurodegenerative dementia: A longitudinal follow-up study using a national sample cohort

Hazard ratios

Severe hearing impairment (n = 22,160)

Profound hearing impairment (n = 4,790)

Crude

P-value

Adjusted†

P-value

Crude

P-value

Adjusted†

P-value

Dementia

1.27 (1.13–1.43)

<0.001*

1.17 (1.04–1.31)

0.010*

1.47 (1.11–1.94)

0.007*

1.51 (1.14–2.00)

0.004*

  1. *Cox-proportional hazard regression model in hearing impairment group compared to control, Significance at P < 0.05.
  2. †Adjusted model for age, sex, income, region of residence, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, ischemic heart disease, cerebral stroke, and depression histories.
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