Table 3 Crude and adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of hearing impairment for dementia in subgroup analysis according to age.

From: Hearing impairment and the risk of neurodegenerative dementia: A longitudinal follow-up study using a national sample cohort

Hazard ratios

Severe hearing impairment

Profound hearing impairment

Crude

P-value

Adjusted†

P-value

Crude

P-value

Adjusted†

P-value

Dementia

Age < 65 years old (n = 11,115)

Age < 65 years old (n = 2,940)

1.46 (1.06–2.11)

0.020*

1.26 (0.92–1.74)

0.115

2.23 (1.19–4.19)

0.013*

2.34 (1.22–4.49)

0.010*

Dementia

Age ≥ 65 years old (n = 11,045)

Age ≥ 65 years old (n = 1,850)

1.25 (1.10–1.41)

0.001*

1.16 (1.02–1.32)

0.021*

1.34 (0.98–1.84)

0.063

1.38 (1.01–1.90)

0.043*

  1. *Cox-proportional hazard regression model in hearing impairment group compared to control, Significance at P < 0.05.
  2. †Adjusted model for age, sex, income, region of residence, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, ischemic heart disease, cerebral stroke, and depression histories.
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