Figure 1
From: LIP formation and protracted lower mantle upwelling induced by rifting and delamination
Snapshots of six stages of numerical modelling evolution. Cross sections showing state of numerical model 1 Myr prior to the onset of extension (a), and 9, 14, 15, 42 and 57 Myr after, respectively (b–f). Colour striping is used to discriminate between crust (red/tan), mantle lithosphere (light/dark green), upper mantle (light blue/tea green) and lower mantle (cream/pink), and to show strain since model onset. Purple indicates mafic material, orange indicates regions were melts are currently forming, and grey tones with white text show total degree of melt depletion of mantle material that melted at earlier stages of the model run. Thin black lines are isotherms, and bold black lines are minimum and maximum temperature as functions of depth. For comparison, grey curves show theoretical adiabats for Tp's of 1300 and 1500 °C, respectively. (g–l) close ups of central crustal region (dashed boxes in a–f).
