Figure 3

Top: geological map of underground laboratories (LNGS-INFN), right side, and borehole hall at left (redrawn from [54]). The figure shows the characteristic of the 6 horizontal boreholes (S13, S14, S15, S16, S17 and S18). The S13 borehole was monitored in this study. Bottom: geological logs of S13 and S14 boreholes (top scheme and Fig. 2 for location): stratified limestone (Scaglia Fm); detrital massive limestone (detrital Fucoidi Fm); stratified limestone with cherty layers (Terratta and Limestone with radiolarians Fms); stratified dolomite (Dolomia principale Fm); UT: upper thrust; UL: Underground Laboratories. The hydraulic pressure (MPa) measured during the boring are reported54. The black bold lines of S13 borehole represent the iron tube (150 mm of section).