Table 1 Characteristics of the patients and each session of SBRT.

From: Evaluation of Hepatic Toxicity after Repeated Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Recurrent Hepatocellular Carcinoma using Deformable Image Registration

N = 85

First SBRT

Second SBRT

Age (years)

  Median (IQR)

64 (56–70)

65 (57–71)

Sex

  Male

67 (78.8%)

  Female

18 (21.2%)

Etiology

  Hepatitis B virus

60 (70.6%)

  Hepatitis C virus

18 (21.2%)

  Non-B, Non-C

7 (8.2%)

ECOG performance status

  0–1

82 (96.5%)

83 (97.6%)

  2

3 (3.5%)

2 (2.4%)

Previous local treatment*

  No

4 (4.7%)

47 (55.3%)

  Yes

81 (95.3%)

38 (44.7%)

     Surgery

13 (15.3%)

0 (0.0%)

     Sessions of treatment

         Median (IQR)

3 (2–6)

2 (1–3)

Pre-SBRT Child–Pugh score

  5–6

79 (92.9%)

73 (85.9%)

  7

2 (2.4%)

8 (9.4%)

  8–9

4 (4.7%)

4 (4.7%)

Interval (months)

  Median (IQR)

15 (7–24)

Tumor size (cm)

  Median (IQR)

1.7 (1.5–2.2)

1.7 (1.4–2.2)

Gross tumor volume (cm3)

  Median (IQR)

3.6 (2.0–5.9)

2.9 (1.7–4.6)

Planning target volume (cm3)

  Median (IQR)

21.0 (15.6–33.2)

20.9 (15.1–27.5)

Normal liver volume (cm3)

  Median (IQR)

1210 (1046–1334)

1166 (996–1309)

Mean liver dose (Gy)

  Median (IQR)

5.5 (3.8–6.9)

5.0 (3.8–6.6)

Dose fractionation

  36 Gy/3fx

7 (8.2%)

3 (3.5%)

  45 Gy/3fx

60 (70.6%)

63 (74.1%)

  48 Gy/4fx

2 (2.4%)

2 (2.4%)

  60 Gy/4fx

15 (17.6%)

12 (14.1%)

  60 Gy/3fx

1 (1.2%)

2 (2.4%)

  Others

0 (0.0%)

3 (3.5%)†

  1. Abbreviations: SBRT, stereotactic body radiation therapy; IQR, interquartile range; ECOG, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group.
  2. *Local treatments include transarterial chemoembolization, radiofrequency ablation, percutaneous ethanol injection, and surgical resection. Previous local treatment in the second SBRT session is the value of the interim period between the first and second SBRT.
  3. †Other dose fractionations include 40 Gy/4fx, 30 Gy/3fx, and 32 Gy/4fx for patients with Child–Pugh class B.
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