Figure 4
From: Increasing muscle co-contraction speeds up internal model acquisition during dynamic motor learning
Muscle activity during the first half of the exposure phase. The EMG is averaged across all directions on force field trials. The period after movement onset has been time normalized. The time from 0 ms to 400 ms corresponds to approximately 64% of the mean movement duration across participants. The period before movement onset is shown in real time. Data show mean ± s.e.m. across all participants in the stiff (red), relaxed (blue) and control (cyan) groups.
