Table 1 Clinical characteristics of the participants (means ± S.D.).

From: Combinational Biomarkers for Atrial Fibrillation Derived from Atrial Appendage and Plasma Metabolomics Analysis

Characteristic

AF group (n = 49)

non-AF group (n = 116)

P value

Age (years)

55.56 ± 9.31

54.31 ± 13.01

0.619

Male, n (%)

27 (55.10)

89 (76.72)

0.000

BMI (kg/m2)

24.17 ± 3.69

24.55 ± 3.77

0.550

HR (beats/min)

80.04 ± 11.87

73.24 ± 10.08

0.000

Diastolic pressure (mmHg)

73.65 ± 17.28

71.32 ± 11.60

0.620

Systolic pressure (mmHg)

118.85 ± 15.67

124.28 ± 16.94

0.042

EF%

61.93 ± 10.27

59.51 ± 10.53

0.140

LAD (mm)

51.83 ± 13.33

38.77 ± 7.82

0.000

LVEDD (mm)

51.50 ± 10.73

54.70 ± 10.96

0.066

Creatinine (μmol/L)

80.25 ± 20.56

79.44 ± 19.70

0.720

Ccr (ml/min)

81.28 ± 21.34

94.24 ± 38.85

0.023

Hypertension, n (%)

15 (30.61)

43 (37.07)

0.427

Heart failure history, n (%)

19 (38.78)

23 (19.83)

0.011

COPD, n (%)

2 (4.08)

2 (1.72)

0.730

Diabetes, n (%)

7 (14.29)

21 (18.10)

0.551

MACCE, n (%)

11 (22.45)

9 (7.76)

0.008

NYHA classes, n (%)

  

0.000

NYHA I

2 (4.08)

3 (2.59)

 

NYHA II

12 (24.5)

63 (54.31)

 

NYHA III

32 (65.3)

49 (49.24)

 

NYHA IV

3 (6.12)

1 (0.86)

 
  1. BMI: body mass index; HR: heart rate; EF: ejection fraction; LAD: left atrial diameter; LVEDD: left ventricular end diastolic diameter; Ccr: creatinine clearance rate; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; MACCE: major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events; NYHA: New York Heart Association.