Table 2 Association between treatment groups (with and without fenofibrate) and change in serum acid level.

Variables	b	S.E.	95% CI		p-value
Treatment groups
allopurinol or febuxostat	Ref.
allopurinol or febuxostat + fenofibrate	−0.879	0.300	−1.468	−0.290	0.003
Sex
Men	Ref.
Women	0.456	0.285	−0.103	1.015	0.110
Age
−29	Ref.
30–39	0.353	0.353	−0.338	1.044	0.317
40–49	0.213	0.345	−0.464	0.890	0.538
50–59	0.052	0.352	−0.637	0.741	0.883
60–69	−0.105	0.374	−0.837	0.628	0.779
70–	−0.364	0.387	−1.122	0.394	0.346
Hypertension
No	Ref.
Yes	−0.330	0.176	−0.675	0.015	0.061
Hyperlipidemia
No	Ref.
Yes	0.024	0.180	−0.329	0.376	0.896
Diabetes mellitus
No	Ref.
Yes	−0.048	0.230	−0.499	0.404	0.836
Colchicine
No	Ref.
Yes	0.158	0.188	−0.211	0.527	0.400
Steroid
No	Ref.
Yes	−1.098	0.182	−1.454	−0.742	<0.0001
NSAID
No	Ref.
Yes	0.127	0.177	−0.220	0.475	0.472
HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor
No	Ref.
Yes	−0.405	0.388	−1.167	0.356	0.297
Angiotensin receptor
No	Ref.
Yes	0.466	0.360	−0.240	1.172	0.195
Year of diagnosis
1995–2000	Ref.
2001–2005	0.843	0.701	−0.531	2.218	0.229
2006–2010	1.489	0.692	0.133	2.846	0.031
2011–2015	0.505	0.688	−0.843	1.852	0.463
2016–2018	0.128	0.697	−1.238	1.495	0.854

SD: standard deviation; NSAIDs: nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; HMG-CoA: 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA. Outcome variable was change in serum uric acid level (‘after drug administration’ minus ‘before drug administration’). The negative estimation means decreased average serum uric acid level compared with the reference group.

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