Figure 2

Bulk isotope characteristics of charred deposits on pottery (foodcrusts) and charred plant remains in East Asia. (A) Plot of δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N values obtained from foodcrusts from Tianluoshan (Tls, this study), Sejuk (Sej)²⁴, Torihama (Tor)²³ and charred plant remains from Sannai-Maruyama¹⁹. (B) Plot of carbon to nitrogen ratios and δ¹⁵N. (C) Boxplots comparing foodcrusts δ¹⁵N from Tianluoshan, Sejuk, Slavnaya (Sakalin)²⁹ and charred rice grains and hazelnuts from Songdam-ri, Korea (this study), as well as rice remains, persimmon seed and acorn from Tianluoshan³⁰.