Figure 8

Representative GFAP staining of FUS focus area. GFAP staining of FUS focus of “moderate” (0.15 ml/kg microbubbles-0.8-MI and 0.4 ml/kg microbubbles-0.33-MI) and “heavy” (0.15 ml/kg microbubbles-1.4-MI and 0.4 ml/kg microbubbles-0.8-MI) group after 2 exposures. While only weak GFAP staining could be detected in the control group and on the untreated side (contralateral), strong GFAP staining could be seen on the treated focus area in all groups. The results indicated that both FUS-BBB opening protocols with either “moderate” or “heavy” exposure induced astroglial activation in the focus area. n = 6. Blue: DAPI, Red: GFAP. Scale bar = 20 µm.