Figure 3 | Scientific Reports

Figure 3

From: Loading ceftriaxone, vancomycin, and Bifidobacteria bifidum TMC3115 to neonatal mice could differently and consequently affect intestinal microbiota and immunity in adulthood

Figure 3

Immunohistochemical analysis of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) impairments. (a–d) To examine the effect of antibiotics or probiotic treatment on the proliferative activity of IECs in neonatal mice, the Ki67-positive cells of mice at PND 21 were investigated. Ki67-positive area of the four intestinal segments (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon) in mice at PND21 (n = 6/group). (e–h) To determine whether the production of mucin proteins secreted by IECs were influenced by antibiotics or probiotic treatment, the Muc2-positive cells were measured. Muc2-positive area of the four intestinal segments (duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon) in mice at PND21. IOD: integral optical density (n = 6/group). The two ends of the horizontal line represent the two compared groups, the asterisk on the line represents significant difference between groups, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, for intergroup comparisons. TMC3115, Bifidobacterium bifidum TMC3115; Ceftri, Ceftriaxone; Vanco, Vancomycin. PND, postnatal day.

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