Table 2 Daily caloric intake, protein intake, insulin, and glucose data in two groups.

From: Differential Gene Expression in Peripheral White Blood Cells with Permissive Underfeeding and Standard Feeding in Critically Ill Patients: A Descriptive Sub-study of the PermiT Randomized Controlled Trial

Variable

Permissive underfeeding n = 25

Standard feeding n = 25

P-value

Calculated caloric requirement (kcal/day), median (Q1, Q3)

1746 (1585, 2075)

1909 (1770, 2162)

0.25

Study caloric target (kcal/day) median (Q1, Q3)

1071 (960, 1264)

1909 (1770, 2162)

<0.0001

Daily caloric intake

  No. of kilocalories, median (Q1, Q3)

990 (810.0, 1149.1)

1339.1 (1136.1, 1695.1)

0.004

  Percent of requirement, median (Q1, Q3)

56.5 (51.1, 58.5)

67.6 (55.7, 89.6)

0.006

Caloric source (kcal/day) median (Q1, Q3)

  Enteral

936.9 (7.9.3, 1018.4)

1239.6 (1101.6, 1518.0)

0.01

  Propofol

85.4 (11.0, 141.8)

78.6 (38.5, 232.7)

0.45

  Intravenous dextrose

0.0 (0.0, 17.9)

0.0 (0.0, 29.10

0.51

  Total parenteral nutrition

0 (0, 0)

0 (0, 0)

1.0

Calculated protein requirement (g/day) median (Q1, Q3)

84 (70, 95)

88 (82, 97)

0.16

Daily total protein intake

  No. of grams

66.9 (47.0, 74.5)

61.1 (48.5, 75.1)

0.37

  Percent of requirement

82.1 (69.0, 88.8)

66.3 (50.3, 83.6)

0.07

Protein source (g/day), median (Q1, Q3)

  Main enteral formula

30.4 (25.0, 38.1)

51.8 (32.5, 64.5)

0.0007

  Supplemental enteral protein

30.7 (22.3, 39.8)

0.0 (0.0, 6.1)

<0.0001

  Parenteral protein

0 (0, 0)

0 (0, 0)

0.34

Duration of intervention (days) median (Q1, Q3)

13 (7, 14)

14 (8, 14)

0.33

Co-interventions

Insulin

  Use, no. (%)

10 (40.0)

12 (48.0)

0.68

  Dose (units/day), median (Q1, Q3)

0.0 (0.0, 23.4)

0.0 (0.0, 20.6)

0.47

Blood glucose (mmol/liter), median (Q1, Q3)

7.7 (6.6, 11.8)

8.4 (7.0, 11.0)

0.85

Enteral formulae on day 1†, n. (%)

  Disease-non-specific

15 (60.0)

13 (52.0)

0.59

  Disease-specific

10 (40.0)

12 (48.0)

 

Medications given during the ICU stay – n. (%)

  Beta blockers

10 (40.0)

11 (44.0)

0.77

  Aspirin

4 (16.0)

5 (20.0)

0.82

  Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors

1 (4.0)

2 (8.0)

0.55

  Angiotensin II receptor blockers

0 (0.0)

0 (0.0)

 

  Statins

5 (20.0)

4 (16.0)

0.71

  1. †Disease-nonspecific formula: Osmolite, Jevity, Promote, Ensure plus, Resource, Ensure, Resource plus, Jevity (1.2).
  2. †Disease-specific formula: Glucerna, Nutric hepatic, Nepro, Pulmocare, Novasource Renal, Peptamen (1.0), Peptamen (1.2), Suplena, Oxepa.
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