Figure 4

Analysis of the phosphorylation of Akt in the brain after single intranasal administration of exendin-4 with L-penetratin and insulin to male ddY mice. Panel A shows the typical band detected by immunoblotting with anti-Akt-pSer473 or anti-pan-Akt antibodies. The full-length blots from the same experimental gel are presented in Supplementary Figure (Fig. S1). Panel B shows the quantitated Akt activation corrected by pan-Akt levels. Each data point represents the mean ± SEM of n = 3. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 indicate significant difference between the groups.