Figure 1

CD4+ T-cell responses predict neutralizing antibody responses to trivalent influenza vaccination. (A) HAI antibody responses (left) and MN antibody responses (right) against A/California/07/2009 following Fluarix vaccination. One way ANOVA. ****P < 0.0001, ***P < 0.001, Tukey’s test. ns, not significant. (B) Correlation between HAI and MN titers after one dose of vaccine. Spearman rank correlation test. n = 10, data points overlap. (C) Proliferating CD4+ T-cells in cultures of PBMCs isolated from subjects vaccinated with TIV. PBMCs were stimulated with the TIV vaccine and peptide pools specific for A/California/7/2009 HA, MP1 and NP proteins. Friedman test. *P < 0.05, Dunn’s test. ns, not significant. (D) Correlation between MN titer (Post 1) and the change in TIV-specific CD4+ T-cell response (post 1 response – baseline response). Spearman rank correlation test. Labels “Pre”, “Post1” and “Post2”, refer to Day 0, Day 21 and Day 42 post primary vaccination respectively.