Table 1 qPCR primers used to monitor expression of ER stress-related genes.

From: Metformin prevents cell tumorigenesis through autophagy-related cell death

Target mRNA

Accession number

Forward primer (5′-3′)

Reverse primer (5′-3′)

CHOP

NM_007837

GAGTCCCTGCCTTTCACCTT

TTCCTCTTCGTTTCCTGGGG

HSPA5

NM_001163434

TCCGGCGTGAGGTAGAAAAG

GGCTTCATGGTAGAGCGGAA

ATF3

NM_007498

CTCTCACCTCCTGGGTCACT

TCTGGATGGCGAATCTCAGC

ATF4

NM_001287180

GCAGTGTTGCTGTAACGGAC

ATCTCGGTCATGTTGTGGGG

CEBPB

NM_009883

ACCGGGTTTCGGGACTTGA

TTGCGTCAGTCCCGTGTCCA

CHAC1

NM_026929

TATAGTGACAGCCGTGTGGG

GCTCCCCTCGAACTTGGTAT

SXBP1

NM_001271730

CTGAGTCCGCAGCAGGT

TGTCCAGAATGCCCAAAAGG

UXBP1

NM_013842

CCGCAGCACTCAGACTATG

TGTCCAGAATGCCCAAAAGG

PDI

NM_011032.3

GATCAAGCCCCACCTGATGA

ACCTCTTCAAAGTTCGCCCC

Î’2M

NM_009735

TGCTATCCAGAAAACCCCTCAA

GGATTTCAATGTGAGGCGGG

GAPDH

NM_001289726

TGCCCCCATGTTTGTGATG

TGTGGTCATGAGCCCTTCC

  1. CHOP, Mus musculus C/EBP homologous protein; HSPA5, Mus musculus heat shock protein 5; ATF3, Mus musculus activating transcription factor 3; ATF4, Mus musculus activating transcription factor 4; CEBPB, Mus musculus CCAAT/enhancer binding protein (C/EBP), beta; CHAC1, Mus musculus ChaC, cation transport regulator 1; sXBP1, Mus musculus X-Box Binding Protein 1, transcript variant 2 (spliced); uXBP1, Mus musculus X-Box Binding Protein 1, transcript variant 1 (unspliced); PDI, Mus musculus Protein disulfide-isomerase; B2M, Mus musculus Beta-2-Microglobulin; GAPDH, Mus musculus glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.
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