Table 1 Description of the five sampling protocols implemented in each Vietnamese live-bird market involved in the surveillance activities between November 2014 and December 2015.

From: Optimising the detectability of H5N1 and H5N6 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses in Vietnamese live-bird markets

ID of the sampling protocol

Sampling type

Description of the sample type

Number of individual samples

Number of pooled-by-five samples

1

Duck

Oropharyngeal swab

30

6

2

Solid waste

Swab of dust taken on the floor of poultry cages

10

2

3

Liquid waste

Swab of waste water taken in drain channels

10

2

4

Drinking water

Swab of drinking water in water troughs

5

1

5

Faeces

Swab of fresh faeces taken in duck resting areas

5

1