Figure 4

Laser induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) on polished (SRz = 0.076 μm) stainless steel AISI 316L formed with different hatching distances dh: (a) 1/4 db, (b) 1/8 db, (c) 1/16 db. The red double arrow indicates the direction of the polarization for all applied hatching distances. Process parameters: λ = 1030 nm, f = 100 kHz, EP = 1.4 mJ, db = 500 μm, H = 0.71 J/cm2, v = 1 m/s.