Table 5 Interactive effects of treatments on reduction of chlorpyrifos residues in spinach.

From: Assessing and Reporting Household Chemicals as a Novel Tool to Mitigate Pesticide Residues in Spinach (Spinacia oleracea)

Treatment

Concentration

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

Acetic Acid

31.68 ± 0.01w

48.39 ± 0.03p

71.99 ± 0.01g

85.95 ± 0.02c

94.21 ± 0.02a

Citric Acid

29.84 ± 0.06x

44.62 ± 0.05q

69.23 ± 0.01h

82.64 ± 0.02d

90.54 ± 0.04b

Sodium Chloride

26.17 ± 0.01z

40.22 ± 0.03l

58.95 ± 0.02l

69.05 ± 0.03h

79.33 ± 0.03e

Sodium carbonate

27.82 ± 0.02y

41.87 ± 0.02r

66.48 ± 0.01i

79.70 ± 0.01e

86.40 ± 0.04c

Ginger extract

24.60 ± 0.03a

37.46 ± 0.03t

56.47 ± 0.01m

65.38 ± 0.03i

75.20 ± 0.01f

Garlic extract

23.32 ± 0.05ab

34.43 ± 0.03uv

50.96 ± 0.01o

60.78 ± 0.03k

68.50 ± 0.04h

Reddish extract

22.95 ± 0.02b

33.42 ± 0.01v

47.93 ± 0.05p

58.03 ± 0.03l

65.38 ± 0.04i

Lemon extract

23.69 ± 0.02ab

35.53 ± 0.03u

53.71 ± 0.01n

62.62 ± 0.03j

71.25 ± 0.04g

  1. Means sharing the similar letter in a row or in a column are statistically non-significant (P > 0.05). Small letters represent comparison among interaction means.
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