Figure 4
From: Nematicidal and insecticidal activities of halogenated indoles
Effects of 5F4IPP and 5-iodoindole on mortality and morphology of root knot nematode, M. incognita. Effects of (A) 5F4IPP, (B) indole (C) abamectin, and of (D) 5-iodoindole on J2s of M. incognita. (E) Morphologies of M. incognita J2s treated with 5F4IPP (13 µg/mL), indole (58.5 µg/mL) or abamectin (0.5 µg/mL) and (F) morphology of M. incognita J2s treated with 5-iodoindole (12.1 µg/mL) [(i) multiple vacuoles (red arrowheads) in the body surfaces of M. incognita J2s, and (ii) giant vacuoles (yellow arrowheads) formed by vacuole fusion] suggesting methuotic death. The graphs show the means ± SEMs of two repetitions. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 vs. the non-treated control, Scale bars = 50 µm.
