Figure 5
From: Nematicidal and insecticidal activities of halogenated indoles
Effects of 5F4IPP and abamectin on instar stages of the model insect, T. molitor. Insecticidal activities of (A) 5F4IPP and (B) abamectin on T. molitor adult stage as determined by a surface layering insecticidal assay. Survival of T. molitor 48 h after the topical application of (C) 5F4IPP or (D) abamectin, and (E) toxic effects of 5F4IPP (2.6 mg/cm2) and abamectin (0.5 mg/cm2) on young (i) and adult (ii) beetles, acetone was used as a negative control. (F) Sequential necrotic events in the larvae and pupae of T. molitor following injection with higher concentration of 5F4IPP. 0.1% DMSO was used as a negative control. Arrowheads indicate necrotic events. The graphs show the means ± SEMs of two trials. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 vs. the non-treated control.
